![]() ![]() Hopper began her computing career in 1944 when she worked on the Harvard Mark I team led by Howard H. She instead joined the Navy Reserves, leaving her position at Vassar. Hopper attempted to enlist in the Navy during World War II but was rejected because she was 34 years old. in both mathematics and mathematical physics from Yale University and was a professor of mathematics at Vassar College. Prior to joining the Navy, Hopper earned a Ph.D. Hopper was the first to devise the theory of machine-independent programming languages, and the FLOW-MATIC programming language she created using this theory was later extended to create COBOL, an early high-level programming language still in use today. One of the first programmers of the Harvard Mark I computer, she was a pioneer of computer programming who invented one of the first linkers. Grace Brewster Hopper ( née Murray Decem– January 1, 1992) was an American computer scientist, mathematician, and United States Navy rear admiral. ![]() ![]() New Types of Irreducibility Criteria (1934) ![]()
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